以乙酸鋅、乙酸錳和碳酸氫銨為原料,以酒石酸鉀鈉為結構導向劑,通過200 ℃溶劑熱反應制備納米束前驅體,根據前驅體形貌確定較優的酒石酸鉀鈉添加量和溶劑熱反應時間;將前驅體分別在250,350 ℃高溫焙燒2 h制備鋰離子電池負極用ZnMn₂O₄納米束,研究了ZnMn₂O₄納米束的組織結構及電化學性能。結果表明:當外加酒石酸鉀鈉為1 mmol,溶劑熱反應時間為12 h時,可得到結構完整的一維納米束;2種焙燒溫度均可以得到結構完整的ZnMn₂O₄納米束,但350 ℃焙燒得到的ZnMn₂O₄納米束表現出更優異的電化學性能,在100 mA·g^-1的電流密度下循環60次后,其比容量仍可維持在892 mA·h·g^-1,在2 A·g^-1的大電流密度下,其比容量依然能夠達到416.2 mA·h·g^-1。

Nanobeam precursor was prepared by solvothermal reaction at 200 ℃ with zinc acetate, manganese acetate and ammonium bicarbonate as raw materials and seignette salt as structure guide agent. The optimal addition amount of seignette salt and solvothermal reaction time were determined according to the shape of the precursor. The ZnMn₂O₄ nanobeams for cathode of lithium ion batteries were prepared by calcining the precursors at 250, 350 ℃ for 2 h. The microstructure and electrochemical performance of the ZnMn₂O₄ nanobeams were stdied. The results show that one-dimensional nanobeams with intact structure could be obtained when the solvothermal time was 12 h and the seignette salt addition amount was 1 mmol. The ZnMn₂O₄ nanobeams could be obtained at the two calcining temperatures, but the ZnMn₂O₄ nanobeams obtained at 350 ℃ showed better electrochemical performance; the specific capacity of ZnMn₂O₄ nanobeams could still be maintained at 892 mA·h·g^-1 after 60 cycles at current density of 100 mA·g^-1. Under the high current density of 2 A·g^-1, the specific capacity could still reach 416.2 mA·h·g^-1.